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Tutorial básico de lenguaje C

C Language Flow Control

Funciones en C

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Cadenas en C

C Language Structures

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C Language Reference Manual

fprintf() y fscanf() en archivos C

Write to file: fprintf() function

The fprintf() function is used to write a sequence of characters to a file. It sends formatted output to the stream.

Syntax:

int fprintf(FILE *stream, const char *format [, argument, ...])

#include <stdio.h> 
void main() {
   FILE *fp;
   fp = fopen("file.txt", "w");//Open file
   fprintf(fp, "I am the data written by fprintf...\n");//Write data to file
   fclose(fp);//Close file
}

Read file: fscanf() function

The fscanf() function is used to read a sequence of characters from a file. It reads a word from the file and returns EOF at the end of the file.

Syntax:

int fscanf(FILE *stream, const char *format [, argument, ...])

#include <stdio.h> 
void main() {
   FILE *fp;
   char buff[255];//Create a char array to store file data
   fp = fopen("file.txt", "r");
   while (fscanf(fp, "%s", buff) != EOF) {
   printf("%s ", buff );
   }
   fclose(fp);
}

Salida:

I am the data written by fprintf...

C File Example: Store employee information

Let's see a file processing example that stores employee information entered by the user from the specified console. We will store the employee's ID, name, and salary.

#include <stdio.h> 
void main() {
    FILE *fptr;
    int id;
    char name[30];
    float salary;
    fptr = fopen("emp.txt", "w+");/*  Open file in write mode */
    if (fptr == NULL)
    {
        printf("File does not exist\n");
        return;
    }
    printf("Input id\n");
    scanf("%d", &id);
    fprintf(fptr, "Id= %d\n", id);
    printf("Input name\n");
    scanf("%s", name);
    fprintf(fptr, "Name= %s\n", name);
    printf("Input salary\n");
    scanf("%f", &salary);
    fprintf(fptr, "Salary= %.",2f\n", salary);
    fclose(fptr);
}

Salida:

Ingrese el id 
1
Ingrese el nombre 
sonoo
Ingrese el salario
120000

Ahora abra el archivo desde el directorio actual. Para el sistema operativo Windows, vaya al directorio de archivos, donde verá el archivo emp.txt. Tendrá la siguiente información.

emp.txt

Id= 1
Nombre= sonoo
Salario= 120000